Ученые из MIT разработали шелковые занавески, способные «создавать тишину»

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Ученые из MIT разработали шелковые занавески, способные «создавать тишину»

Группа ученых Массачусетского технологического института опубликовала статью о новом изобретении, способном блокировать или подавлять шум. Все, что нужно для достижения этих целей — это тонкие листы специальной ткани. Экспериментально было установлено, что лучше всего подходит шелк.

Ученые нашли возможность превратить ткань в динамик. Этого удается достичь, если к ткани вертикально приклеить пьезоэлектрическое волокно толщиной всего 0,13 миллиметра и пропустить по нему переменный ток. Волокно начинает быстро колебаться, создавая вибрации, которые передаются ткани. Так вытесняется воздух и создаются звуковые волны, как в динамических головках. Если они не совпадают по фазе с другими волнами, последние нейтрализуются.

Также пьезоэлектрическое волокно можно использовать для удержания ткани в неподвижном положении. В этом случае ткань не будет вибрировать синхронно с окружающими звуками — следовательно, значительная часть нежелательных звуков не сможет проникнуть сквозь ткань. В ходе тестов ученые обнаружили, что данный метод уменьшает вибрацию шелка на 95%, а передаваемый звук снижается на 75 %. Кроме того, ткань отражает до 68 % звуков туда, откуда они исходят.

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Авторы исследования заявляют и о возможности использования подхода для генерации звуков. Однако наш мир и так наполнен шумом — на этом фоне гораздо более ценно создание тишины. Дальнейшая работа над изобретением дает надежду жителям многоквартирных домов на появление чудо-занавесок, избавляющих от шума соседей.

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