В Финляндии построили первую в мире песчаную батарею для хранения энергии

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В Финляндии построили первую в мире песчаную батарею для хранения энергии

Отопительная компания «Vatajankoski» в пригороде Хельсинки запустила в опытную эксплуатацию новый накопитель тепловой энергии от компании «Polar Night Energy». В нем в качестве рабочего вещества используется обычный песок, очищенный от мусора. Он засыпан в резервуар диаметром 4 м и высотой 7 м и весь срок службы батареи никуда не перемещается, оставаясь на месте.

Идея в том, что преобразовать электричество из любого источника энергии в тепло очень просто, а вот превратить тепловую энергию обратно в электричество для передачи ее потребителям гораздо сложнее. Поэтому инженеры «Polar Night Energy» остановились на середине — они разогревают песок до 500-600℃ и оставляют его горячим внутри резервуара с высокой теплоизоляцией. Через него проходят трубы, по которым циркулирует обычная вода для нагрева от горячего песка.

Горячая вода подается в систему отопления поселка для обогрева различных зданий холодной финской зимой, что позволяет найти применение запасенной энергии без превращения ее в электричество. У компании «Vatajankoski» уже есть успешный опыт отвода тепла от дата-центра для разогрева этой воды, поэтому они просто добавили в систему еще один контур. В компании заявили о КПД песчаного накопителя в 99 % и возможности хранить тепловую энергию без потерь на протяжении многих месяцев.

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У песчаного накопителя тепла есть огромное преимущество перед жидкостными аналогами – вещество внутри статично, оно не перемешивается. Это дает возможность выстроить такую архитектуру, когда разные слои песка будут иметь собственную температуру, а через них будут проходить трубы разного назначения. Не всегда нужно получать на выходе кипяток или пар, для разных целей подойдет разное время разогрева и объемы горячей воды. Все это позволяет создать удобный масштабируемый накопитель энергии для целого жилого района с ценником порядка 10 евро за киловатт-час.

6 КОММЕНТАРИИ

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