Жители Африки использовали так называемую социальную сеть для коммуникации еще 50 тысяч лет назад. Свидетельства в виде бусин из скорлупы страусиных яиц были обнаружены по всему континенту.
Как сообщает The Guardian со ссылкой на исследование немецких ученых, опубликованное в журнале Nature, древняя система коммуникации служила способом для общения людей, которые жили вдалеке друг от друга за тысячи миль. Она основывалась на обмене и торговле бусами.
Прежде чем прийти к таким выводам, ученые проанализировали более 1500 найденных на территории континента схожих бусин. Всего было обнаружено 30 таких мест на юге и востоке Африки.
Видео дня
«Люди, которые делали эти бусы, и которые до сих пор делают их для охотники-собирателей в Африке, обменивались ими на огромных расстояниях, что помогало им делиться символическими сообщениями и укреплять союзы», – пришли к заключению ученые.
Ведущий автор исследования Дженнифер Миллер из Института истории человечества им. Макса Планка в городе Йена сравнил бусины с «хлебными крошками, идя за которыми, можно найти нечто большее».
Изучая найденные бусины, специалисты пришли к выводу, что между собой они имеют много общего: диаметр отверстий, толщину скорлупы. Тем не менее, места, где были найдены эти предметы, разделены огромными расстояниями, что можно объяснить «существованием социальной сети, растянувшейся на тысячи миль и соединяющей людей в отдаленных регионах».
В свою очередь, археолог Мишель Лэнгли из Университета Гриффита в Квинсленде (Австралия) акцентировала, что найденные украшения дают сведения о человеке, который их носил, указывают на большее количество взаимодействий между людьми и могут «рассказать», какие племена, общины чаще общались между собой.
Как стало известно, первая в мире «социальная сеть» не просуществовала долго. Около 33 000 лет назад характер ношения бус резко изменился: они исчезли из Южной Африки, но сохранились в восточной ее части.
Ученые предположили, что за этим стояли климатические изменения, которые затронули весь мир и которые положили конец старейшей «социальной сети» на планете, хотя и спустя 17 000 лет.
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